2Gruen GS, Leit ME, Gruen RJ, et al. Functional outcome of patients with unstable pelvic ring fracture stabilized with open reduction and internal fixation [ J]. J Trauma, 1995, 39(5): 838-845.
3Ghanayem A J, Stover M D, Goldstein JA, et al. Emergent treatment of pelvic fractures: comparison of methods for stabilization [ J]. Clin Orthop, 1995, (318) : 75-80.
4王亦璁.骨与关节损伤[M]第3版[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2001.1034-5.
5Letournel E. Acetabular fractures classification and management[J]. Clin Orthop, 1980, ( 151 ) : 81-106.
10Dalai SA,Burgess AR,Siegel JH,et al. Pelvic fracture in multiple trauma:classification by mechanism is key to pattern of organ injury, resuscitative requirements and outcome[J]. J Trauma, 1989,29(7) : 981-1002.
二级参考文献56
1[1]Tile M.Pelvic ring fracture.Should they be fixed?J Bone Joint Surg(Br),1988,70:1～12
2[2]Poole GV,Ward EF,Muakkassa FF,et al.Pelvic fracture from major blunt trauma.Ann Surg,1991,213:532～539
3[3]Schied DK,Kellam JF,Tile M.Open reduction and intenal fixation ring fractures.J Orthop Trauma,1991,5:226
5[5]Letournel E.Acetabular fractures Classification and management.Clin Orthop,1980,151:81～106
6[6]Young JWR,Burgess AR.Radiological management of pelvic ring fractures.Baltimore,Urban&Schwarzenberg,1987,22
7[7]Edeiken-Monroe BS,Browner BD,Jackson H.The role of standard roentgenograms in the evaluation of instability of pelvic ring disruption.Clin Orthop,1989,240:63～76
8[8]Helfet DL.Pelvic ring,the"three types".In Mueller ME.Ed.Comprehensive classification of fractures.Bern,Switzerland,M.E.Foundation,1996,61
9Wright CS, McMurtry RY, Pickard J. Apostmortem review of trauma mortalities: a comparative study. J Trauma, 1984, 24:67-68.
10Shaw JA, Mino DE, Werner FW, et al. Pos- terior stabilization of pelvic fractures by use of threaded compression rods: cases reportsand mechanical testing. Clin Orthop, 1985, (192): 240-254.
