中国铁路行业定价行为的经济学思考

The Economical Thinking on The Pricing Action of China's National Railway Transportation Industry

我国的铁路运输行业长期以来既是自然垄断行业又是关系到国计民生的社会服务行业,其定价行为不能仅以铁路部门的经济利益为标准。根据对自然垄断行业自身经济特性的分析以及"春运"与"黄金周"客流状况的差异,在这两类客流高峰采取有涨有压的区别定价方式,是一种可以兼顾社会福利与铁路部门经济利益的合理模式。

Our national railway transportation industry has been a monopolized industry for a long time, but it is also a social service industry related directly to the national economy and people＇ s livelihood, so the pricing action can not only be based on the economic interest of the railway department. According to the analysis of the economic characteristic of the natural monopolized industry itself and the difference of customer flows between ＂Transportation during Spring Festival＂ and ＂Golden Week＂, to adopt the differentiated pricing method including both raising and suppressing during the two kinds of peeks of customer flows can be a reasonable mode taking care of both social welfare and the economic interest of the railway department.