292例早产的临床分析

Clinical analysis on 292 cases of premature labour

目的：探讨早产的原因以及早产儿预后的相关因素。方法：对2004年1月～2005年12月住院分娩292例早产患者的临床资料进行分析，并随机抽取足月分娩的292例进行相关对照。结果：胎膜早破、不明原因的早产、多胎妊娠、子痫前期、妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症、胎位异常为早产原因的前5位，肝内胆汁淤积症、子痫前期及产前出血是医源性早产的主要原因，早产还与孕期母亲未作产前检查相关。早产儿病率与孕周、体重相关，产前皮质激素的使用可明显改善早产儿的预后。结论：早产病因复杂，减少早产的发生率关键是重视围产期保健，加强对高危妊娠的管理，积极防治妊娠并发症。

Objective： To explore the causes of premature labor and the related factors to prognosis of the premature. Methods： The clinical data of 292 patients with premature labor within last two years were analyzed and compared to that of 292 cases with full term delivery randomly selected. Results： The preceding causes of premature labor were premature rupture of membranes, spontaneous of premature labor for unexplained causes, multiple pregnancies, pre - eclampsia, intraheoatic cholestasis of pregnant, fetal position adomaly. The main causes for iatrogenic of premature labor were intraheoatic cholestasis of pregnant, pre - eclampsia, prenatal hemorrhage. It was related with premature labor that pragnent woman didnt accept prenatal examination. The morbidity of premature had correlation with the gestational age and birth weight. Antenatal corticosteroids significantly improved the newboms prognosis. Conclusion： The causes of premature labor is complicated. The key issue to reduce the incidence of premature labor is to pay attention to perinatal care, improve the management of high risk gestation and prevent complications.