流动妇女保健服务的可及性及其影响因素研究

Factors influencing the access to health care services by women floating population

目的：了解育龄流动妇女保健服务的可及性，分析主要影响因素。方法：2003年7—9月在武汉和深圳采取整群抽样方法，抽取若干社区的育龄流动妇女进行定性研究。结果：①就医：普遍小病不看，病重才就医。②医疗费支付：大多数人完全自费。③妇科病普查：少数人接受过流入地居委会组织的普查，其中部分人仅接受了查环。④产前检查：早孕建册者很少，大部分人初检在中孕，仅少数人完成了8次产检。⑤住院分娩：绝大多数人住院分娩。在流入地顺产约需1500-2000元，剖宫产3500～4000元，大部分人认为收费太高。⑥健康教育：存在需求，但提供不足。结论：目前我国育龄流动妇女保健服务的可及性较差、利用不够，在提供服务的条件及措施等方面需进一步加强和改善。

Objective： To know and explore the factors influencing the access to health care services among the reproductive life women of floating population. Methods： A cluster sampling and qualitative study was conducted in the survey. The women floating population had been chosen in the communities of Wuhan and Shenzhen from July to September, 2003. They were invited to have group discussions about special subject. Results ： ①Receiving medical treatments ： if they considered the disease wasnt serious, they usually didnt see a doctor.② Fee-for-service： most of them paid their own expense. ③Regular gynecologic examination： a few women received it through the community committees. Parts of them only were required to check up IUD. ④Prenatal diagnosis： few of them began it during carle pregnancy. Others began it during midtrimeste pregnancy. A few women performed all 8 times prehatal care. ⑤Delivery in hospital： most of women labored in hospital. The cost of eutocia was about 1 500 ～ 2 000 Yuan and cesarean was 3 500 ～ 4 000 Yuan. Most of them considered it too expensive. ⑥Health education： there was a need but no enough services to provide for them. Conclusion： The access to health care services by reproductive life women of floating population is hard now. It is essential to enhance and improve the conditions and measures to provide healthcare services.