低出生体重儿的影响因素研究

The study on interrelated factor of low birth weight infant

目的:应用描述性研究的方法,找出低体重儿的危险因素,为避免低体重儿的发生即优生优育提供可靠的理论依据。方法:符合纳入和排除标准的5842例确立为分析和研究的对象。结果:①通过低出生体重儿的影响因素单因素非条件Logistic回归分析发现:产次、孕次、孕周、产前空腹血糖、产前血压、季节、脐带长度有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中产次、孕次、孕周(37～40周)、产前血压是危险因素;秋季、脐带长度(30～70cm)是保护因素。②影响低出生体重儿的计量资料分析,通过成组t检验发现:产妇的产前体重、产妇的身高、胎盘重量有统计学意义,都对低出生体重儿有影响。③通过低体重儿多因素非条件Logistic回归结果发现:孕周、产前血压、秋季有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中孕周、秋季是保护因素,可避免低出生体重儿的发生;产前血压是危险因素,易导致低出生体重儿的发生。结论:孕妇的身高、体重、胎盘重量、孕次、产次、秋季是低出生体重儿的影响因素,其中孕周、秋季、产前空腹血糖、脐带长度是低出生体重儿的保护因素;产前血压是低出生体重儿的危险因素。

Objective： Through chi - square test and single factor non - conditional logistic regression of low birth weight infant and through multi - factor non - conditional logistic regression and analysis of variance. Methods ： 5842 infants who conformed to the entering and excluding standard were made to be the objective of analysis and study. Results ： ①Through chi - square test and single factor non - conditional logistic regression of low birth weight infant, we found that delivery time, pregnant time , weeks of pregnancy, empty stomachic blood sugar, blood pressure before pregnancy, season, length of umbilical cord were all relate to the weight of infant, and had statistic significance （P 〈0. 05） . Delivery time, pregnant time, weeks of pregnancy （ 〈 37 weeks）, and blood pressure before pregnancy were risk factors; and autumn, length of umbilical cord （30 - 70 cm） were protective factors. ②Through chi - square test we found that： pregnant womeng weight before delivery, pregnant womeng height, pregnant women＇s abdomen girth and weight of placenta influenced the weight of infant. ③Through multi - factor non - conditional logistic regression and analysis of variance we found that ： weeks of pregnancy, blood pressure before pregnancy and autumn had the statistic significance （ P 〈 0.05 ） . Weeks of pregnancy and autumn were protective factors, which could avoid the occurrence of low birth weight infant; and blood pressure before pregnancy was risk factor, which easily led to the produce of low birth weight infant. Conclusion： The pregnant women＇s height, pregnant women＇s weight, pregnant women＇s abdomen girth, weight of placenta, pregnant time, delivery time and autumn were influencing factors of low birth weight infant, among which weeks of pregnancy, au- tumn, empty stomachic blood sugar and length of umbilical cord were protective factors of low birth weight infant; and blood pressure before pregnancy is risk factor of low birth weight infant.