2004～2006年广州市0～6岁儿童铅中毒情况分析

The analyses about the 0-6 year-old children lead poisoning investigation from the year 2004 to 2006

目的:了解2004～2006年广州市儿童血铅水平、铅中毒率及其动态变化趋势。方法:分别整群随机抽取广州市区部分幼儿园作为调查对象,全部用钨舟原子吸收光谱法检测儿童血铅值。结果:2004～2006年0～6岁儿童血铅平均水平为64.35μg/L,儿童铅中毒率平均为10.5%,3年中儿童血铅水平和儿童铅中毒率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);铅中毒率高年龄组(3～6岁)与低年龄组(0～2岁)比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),男、女童铅中毒率差异亦有统计学意义(P<0.05);铅中毒相关危险因素前3位分别为:住房临近主干道、男孩、父母从事与铅有关的行业。结论:广州市儿童铅中毒水平与同期全国15市平均水平10.45%基本一致;3年中广州市儿童铅中毒率无明显变化,铅中毒率高年龄组儿童高于低年龄组儿童,男童高于女童,应有针对性地进行儿童铅中毒的防治。

Objective： To get the message about the lead level in children＇s blood, the rate of the lead - poisoning children and their developing tendencies in Guangzhou city from 2004 to 2006. Methods： Kindergarten children were randomly investigated in Guangzhou, lead level in their blood were detected by atomic absorption spectrographic method. Results： The average of the lead level in children blood from 2004 to 2006 in Guangzhou was 64. 35 μg/L , the average rate of lead poisoning was 10. 5%, the differences in three years had no statistical significance （ P 〉 0. 05 ） ; The risk correlated factors were the housing close to the bole tracts, male, the vocations the parents pursuit related to lead. The differences between the elder children （3 -6） and the younger ones （0 -2） had statistical significance （P 〈 0. 05 ） , so did the boys and the girls. Conclusion： The lead level of Guangzhou city is at equal pace with the average of the whole country which is 10. 45%, the rate of the lead poisoning do not change obviously. The rate of lead poisoning of elder children （3 -6） is higher than the younger ones （0 -2） ; the rate of boys is higher than that of girls.