大学生同一性发展及其与亲子依恋的关系研究

College Students' Identity development and its relationships with parental attachment

本文采用问卷法对866名大学生的同一性及其与亲子依恋之间的关系进行了研究。研究结果表明:大学生同一性地位类型在各年级的分布中,混乱型和延缓型所占的比例最多,而排他型和成就型所占的比例较少;大学生同一性发展存在一定的性别差异;在父子依恋的交流和疏离维度上以及母子依恋的所有维度上,不同同一性地位类型的差异非常显著,混乱型个体的依恋状况最差;父子依恋和母子依恋,对不同性别大学生的同一性发展有不同的预测作用。这一研究对于深化对依恋理论与同一性理论之间关系的理解,促进这两个理论的融合与发展具有一定的理论意义,对青少年的成长也有一定的现实指导作用。

Questionnaires were used to explore the relationships between college students＇ identity development and parental attachment. The conclusions are four-fold： first, the percentage of identity diffusion and identity moratorium is the highest while identity foreclosure and identity achievement is the lowest; second, male college students＇ identity development is better than that of female; third, female college students＇ parental attachment is better than that of male; and fourth, attachment to father and attachment to mother has different impact on identity development, which depends on gender.