两种常见接地极电流分布的探讨

Current Distribution of Two Kinds Grounding Electrode

针对目前接地极电流分布计算方法较为复杂等的不足,从电流场和静电场的等效性出发,探讨了水平直线和并联垂直型2种常见形状接地极导体中电流分布不均匀的问题,提出了计算电流分布的一种简化方法。根据电流场和静电场的等效性,将接地极等效为有限长的线电荷模型,根据力学平衡计算了模型上的电荷分布,由此得到入地电流沿接地极轴线的分布规律。结果表明,对于水平直线型接地极端部电流是中间部位的数倍,倍数随接地极长度的增加而增大;对并联的垂直接地极,电流分布的不均匀度随接地极根数的增加而增大,导体的利用率也随之降低。

Based on the equivalence of steady current field and static electric field, for the two common forms of horizontal linear grounding electrode and parallel vertical grounding electrode, a new method is presented to calculate the non-uniform of current distribution in two kinds grounding electrode, and the rule of current distribution in grounding electrode is discussed. The grounding electrode will be equivalent to a very limited long line point charge model, according to the electric power balance of the point charge model, the distribution rule of point charge model in grounding electrode axis is obtained firstly. Accordingly, the current distribution rule in grounding electrode axis based on the equivalence of steady current field and static electric field is obtained immediately. The calculated results show that the current distribution density at both ends of horizontal linear grounding electrode could be several times of the current distribution density in the middle. It is found that the non-uniformity will become worse with the increasing of grounding electrode length, and the non-uniformity will become worse with the increasing of parallel vertical grounding electrode numbers. At the same time, the utilization rate of grounding electrode will decrease.