解除模拟失重后清醒大鼠血压信号的谱分析

Spectral analysis of blood pressure signal in conscious rats released from simulated microgravity

本文旨在观察模拟失重28d大鼠解除尾部悬吊前、后(2h内),清醒自由活动状态下动脉收缩压(systolic bloodpressure, SBP)、舒张压(diastolic blood pessure, DBP)和心率(heart rate,HR)的变化。采用自回归模型法对不同时间点的收缩压变异性(SBP variability, SBPV)和心率变异性(HR variability, HRV)进行自谱与互谱分析,并比较自回归法与周期图法的自谱分析结果;由传递函数分析得到反映压力感受器-心率反射敏感性(baroreceptor-heart rate reflex sensitivity, BRS)变化的有关数据。结果显示,用自回归模型法对清醒大鼠血压信号进行短时程谱分析可得到较为平滑、谱峰清楚的谱估计曲线。28d模拟失重大鼠解除尾部悬吊前、后,SBP、DBP和HR及其主要谱指标,以及高、低频段传递函数的平均增益均无显著性变化,不同时间点的谱指标也无显著差别;但模拟失重组的SBP、DBP和HR却显著高于对照组。上述结果提示,中期模拟失重大鼠恢复正常体位后,其清醒状态的BPV与HR均处于升高状态,但其短时程BPV与HRV谱及BRS均无显著变化,与最近报道的航天员HRV与BRS无显著改变一致。

The aim of the present study was to examine whether there are changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure （SBP and DBP） and heart rate （HR） and their spectral indices in conscious free-moving rats after tail-suspension for 28 d. The tail-suspended hindlimb-unloaded （HU） rat model was used to simulate the cardiovascular effect of microgravity and the post-spaceflight cardiovascular dysfunction. The auto- and cross-spectral analysis of SBP variability （SBPV） and HR variability （HRV） were performed by the method based on the autoregressive model （AR）, and the auto-spectral results was compared with the results from the classical periodogram method. The baroreceptor-heart rate reflex sensitivity （BRS） was estimated using transfer function analysis from SBP to HR. The results indicated that auto-spectral results based on the two methods were comparable, while smoother power spectral curves with distinguished peaks were obtained by the AR method. The means of SBP, DBP, and HR, the main spectral indices of SBPV and HRV, and the mean average gain of transfer functions computed at low- and high-frequency ranges （0.25-0.8 Hz and 0.8-2.4 Hz） did not show significant changes before and after release from suspension. Furthermore, the main spectral indices of SBPV and HRV at different time points did not show significant differences between the control and suspension groups. However, the means of SBP, DBP, and HR at different time points were significantly higher in simulated weightless rats than those in the control rats. The findings of the present study suggest that a mid-term simulated microgravity might induce hypertension and tachycardia upon removal from the suspension which reflects a general sympathetic hyperactivity. We speculated that the sympathetic hyperactivity might be a compensatory mechanism activated in the intact animal to counteract HU-induced hypo-responsiveness of resistance vessels. In addition, lack of clear and distinct changes in HRV and BRS have also been reported in some recent space and ground-based human studies.