干细胞核移植效率及核移植胚胎干细胞

Efficiency of Stem Cells Nuclear Transfer and Embryonic Stem Cells via Nuclear Transfer

干细胞为一类具有无限的或者永生的自我更新能力的细胞,包括胚胎性干细胞和成体干细胞。胚胎性干细胞有胚胎干细胞、畸胎瘤细胞和原始生殖细胞。成体干细胞主要有骨髓间充质干细胞、造血干细胞、神经干细胞、表皮干细胞、脂肪干细胞等。随着体细胞核移植技术与干细胞培养技术的成熟,两者相结合便产生了核移植来源胚胎干细胞(embryonic stem cells via nuclear transfer,ntES细胞),其不仅用于基础的研究,而且也用于临床医学的组织修复和移植的研究。现就干细胞作为核供体时的核移植效率,ntES细胞系的建立、其性质及诱导分化等的研究进展进行综述。

Stem ceils are a kind of ceils, which are infinite or eternal, and which have the self-renewing capacity, consisting of embryo-derived stem cells and adult stem cells. Embryo-derived stem cells were classified into embryonic stem cells, embryonal carcinoma cells and primordial germ cells. Adult stem cells include marrowderived mesenchymal stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, neural stem cells, epidermal stem ceils and adipose tissue-derived stem cells and so on. With embryonic stem cells culture technologies having become mature, somatic cells nuclear transfer technology combine with it and generate embryonic stem cells via nuclear transfer （ntES cells）. They can be used not only for preclinical medicine research, but also for tissue repair and transplantation in clinical medicine. This review focus on nuclear transfer efficiency about stem cells as a nuclear donor, establishment of ntES cells lines, its nature and inducement and differentiation.