真核细胞中无义介导的mRNA降解

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay in Eukaryotic Cells

无义介导的mRNA降解(NMD)作为一种有效的细胞监控机制,主要监测细胞转录产物的提前终止密码子(PTC),并使得含有PTC的mRNA被迅速降解,从而防止其被翻译成为缺陷性的蛋白质。尽管NMD具有一定的保守性,但在酵母、哺乳动物以及后来的果蝇细胞中都发现有所不同。目前对于NMD的研究已进入了结构领域并发现它与端粒调控和RNAi等机制相互关联。

Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay （NMD） as a mechanism of RNA surveillance, detects mRNAs with premature termination codons （PTC）, induces them to be eliminated quickly, and thus protects cells from the potentially deleterious effects of truncated proteins. Although NMD is conserved in eukaryotic cells, there are some slight differences among yeast, mammalian and fruitfly. Structure survey of NMD is ongoing, and the adding results show that NMD involved in some important functions such as telomere regulatory and RNAi.