具有超压防护功能的机动手术舱室污染物运动扩散的仿真研究

Numerical simulation of contamination dispersion and distribution inside mobile surgical operating compartments with overpressure protection performance

目的:对具有超压防护功能的机动手术舱室污染物运动扩散进行仿真研究,通过空气过滤净化和气流组织设计等方式减少生化污染物的危害,为患者和医生提供安全的舱室环境。方法:应用计算流体动力学方法对具有超压防护功能的机动手术舱室污染物运动扩散进行了仿真研究,分析了在超压防护系统工作前后两种状态下,污染物在室内的运动扩散及其对舱室内人员的影响。结果:在外部气态污染物浓度为5 mg/L的条件下,超压防护系统工作前,在10 s时呼吸区污染物达到最大浓度0.21 mg/L;超压防护系统工作后,在125 s时呼吸区污染物最大浓度达到0.01 mg/L的安全阈值。在整个计算过程中,污染物最大浓时积为0.1 mg.min/L,最小浓时积为0.011 mg.min/L。结论:机动手术舱室超压防护系统可以有效地将其工作前扩散到室内的气态污染物进行稀释,使室内人员周围不产生局部高浓度区,减小污染物对室内人员的影响。

Objective： To simalate contamination dispersion and distribution inside a mobile surgical operating compartment with overpressure protection. Mobile surgical operating compartments with overpressure protection can provide a safe environment for patients and the surgical team by minimizing the risk of biochemical contamination through appropriate air filtration and air distribution schemes. Methods： The contamination dispersion and distribution inside a mobile surgical operating compartment with overpressure protection were simulated by the technique of computational fluid dynamics （CFD）. The overpressure protection system was studied both at work and off work, and the contamination dispersion, distribution and effects on the crew in the compartment were also discussed. Results：With 5 mg/L contamination concentration outside the compartment, the maximum contamination concentration was 0. 21 mg/L at 10 s before the overpressure protection system started, and reached the safety threshold concentration of 0.01 mg/L at 125 s after it started. The maximum contamination Ct was 0. 1 mg· min/L and the minimum contamination Ct was 0.011 mg · min/L during the simulation. Conclusion： The overpressure protection system of the mobile surgical operating compartment can dilute the gaseous contamination diffused into the compartment from outside, avoid the high concentration of the contamination around the personnel in the breath zone and reduce the contamination effects.