急性髓细胞白血病亚型N-ras癌基因突变分析

Analysis of N-ras Oncogene Mutation in Subtype of Acute Myeloid Leukemia

为全面了解Ｎ－ｒａｓ癌基因突变与急性髓细胞白血病（ＡＭＬ）亚型的关系，从新鲜骨髓和库存骨髓片提取ＤＮＡ，应用银染聚合酶链反应－单链构型多态性（ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ）技术对９８例ＡＭＬ患者的Ｎ－ｒａｓ癌基因第１和第２外显子的点突变进行了研究。结果显示：共有２９例检测到突变，其中第１和第２外显子突变分别为１８例和１４例，两外显子同时突变３例；突变率为２９．５９％。除Ｍ［７］未检测外，其它各亚型均发现突变；而以Ｍ４ａ为多见，Ｍ［３ａ］为少见。因此，Ｎ－ｒａｓ癌基因突变是ＡＭＬ常见的肿瘤标志。

In order to understand the relationship of N-ras oncogene mutation and the subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML),the DNA was extracted from fresh bone marrow and stored bone marrow slides,then the point mutation in exon Ⅰ and exon Ⅱ of N-ras oncogene in 98 patients with AML were studied by polymerase chain reactionsingle strand conformation polymorphisms (PCR-SSCP) and silver staining method.The results demonstrated that the point mutations had been detected in 29 cases (18 cases of exon Ⅰ ,14 cases of exon Ⅱ ,3 cases of both exon Ⅰ and Ⅱ).The total mutation rate was 29.59%.All subtypes but M 7 were found mutations,of which M 4a were commonly found and M 3a rarely found;and this indicates that the point mutation of N-ras oncogene is a commonly tumour marker in AML.