焦虑和抑郁对分娩方式的影响和分析

The Influence and Analysis of Anxiety and Depression to Delivery Mode

目的研究产妇精神状态(焦虑和抑郁)与分娩方式的关系,探讨焦虑和抑郁发生的社会相关因素,经上述研究为产前、产时实施心理护理提供依据。方法对392例健康产妇以焦虑自评量表和抑郁自评量表评定精神状态。所有产妇以产科常规、家属陪伴进行分娩而不进行干预,观察其分娩方式;按分娩方式分为顺产组、产钳助产组和剖宫产组。采用SPSS软件进行统计学分析,方差分析和q检验、卡方检验及卡方趋势检验。结果392例产妇中存在心理障碍的占57.40%,其中焦虑发生率为19.89%,抑郁发生率为21.56%,焦虑并抑郁发生率为14.03%。剖宫产组、产钳助产组的焦虑评分及抑郁评分明显高于正常产组,而且焦虑和抑郁的发生随年龄增大、学历增高而增加。结论焦虑和抑郁状态是增加手术助产率的一个显著因素,焦虑和抑郁的发生与年龄、文化程度等社会因素相关。

Objective To observe the relationship between the psychic factors（anxiety and depression） and delivery mode and discuss the relevant social factors causing anxiety and depression. Methods 392 healthy nulliparas were involved in our study. Their mental state was evaluated according to Hamilton anxiety scale CSAS and Hamilton depression scale. The delivery course of all women was processed routinely with the relatives accompany and no interference. Delivery mode and postpartion were observed. They were divided into three groups（natural labor section group,forcesis group and caesarean group）,according to different mode. The statistics analysis and variance analysis were conducted by SPSS software. Results Among the 392 women labor, the women getting mental obstacle occupied 57.4%. Among them,the anxiety rate was 19.89% ,the depression rate was 21.56% ,while the complication of birth occupies 14.03%. The anxiety score and depression score in Caesarean group and forceps group were distinctly higher than that in natural group. The occurring possibility of the anxiety and depression increases with the age and study qualification. Conclusion The anxiety and depression states are distinguished factors to increase the rate of caesarear and forceps. The occurrence of anxiety and depression is associated with such social factors as age,knowledge extent,knowledge of mother infant.