对外贸易中行业自律定价行为的博弈分析

Game Analysis on Line Self-reliance Pricing in Foreign Trade

当前我国经济生活中存在的一个突出的现象是价格战与行业自律定价并存。从中国参与出口的同质企业所结成的价格卡特尔表明:出口企业追求利润最大化行为的结果必然陷入"囚徒困境",表现为价格大战;在没有外在强制力量时,企业尽管可以相互依存,仍然走不出困境;如果惩罚条款这一承诺行动可以置信,则出现合作均衡;优势企业也可促使合作均衡的出现。

At present there is a prominent phenomenon in Chinese national economic activities that price war and Cartel pricing coexist. This paper takes the Cartel pricing on the export of enterprise in China for example, analyses the gaming behavior of export enterprises of citrus with the game theory. It has been found that the inevitahle result which export enterprises seek maximum profit is prisoner＇s dilemma and shows price war; though the export enterprises may depend on each other and they can not break off dilemma when there is not external forced strength; if punishment clause is credible commitment, Nash equilibrium would appear; the preponderant enterprises would impel cooperation equilibrium.