己烯雌酚对鸡受精卵雌性化的影响

Effect of Diethylstilbestrol on Feminization of Chicken Fertile Eggs

为探讨环境激素的评价方法,研究了己烯雌酚(DES)对鸡胚胎性器官发育的影响。向鸡受精卵内注射DES,用W染色体的DNA标记确认基因型,解剖及切片观察生殖腺确认表型,调查雌性化情况。结果0.10 mg以下剂量的DES注射鸡受精卵,对7 d龄胚胎的生存率、孵化率没有不良影响(P>0.05),实验方法安全。但基因型ZZ的雄性个体精巢退化甚至消失、出现卵巢的雌性化现象,以芝麻油为溶剂时,0.10 mg DES处理的雌性化率为100%。DES能够显著导致鸡受精卵的雌性化,鸡或鸟类的受精卵的雌化率是环境激素的生物学评价的有效和灵敏的指标。

In order to explore the methods of evaluating of environmental hormone; this Study investigated the effects of diethylstilbestroI（DES） on the development of the sexual organ of chicken embryos. We investigated the femalization of chicken embryos, which marked with DNA of W chromosome of chicken to confirm the genotype; and with the observation of gonad and gonad slices of appearance to confirm the phynotype. The results show that there is no negative effect on, the viability and hatchability of 7-days old chicken embryos when the dosage of DES injected into chicken fertilized eggs is less than 0.10 mg （P〉0.05）. However, as for the male eggs which gene type is ZZ, the gonad degenerates, or even disappears; the gonad feminization occurs. When sesame oil is used as a solvent, with 0.10 mg of DES, the femalization ratio is 100%. DES can obviously induce the femalization of chicken fertilized eggs. The femalization ratio of chicken or avian fertilized eggs is an effective and sensitive metric in the area of environmental hormone in biology. DES can obviously induce the feminization of chicken fertilized eggs. The＇feminization ratio of chicken or avian fertilized eggs can be considered as an effective and sensitive biolongical metric in evaluating environmental hormone.