国际贸易理论研究的新动向——基于异质企业的研究

New Direction of International Trade Theory——Analysis based on Heterogeneous Firm

主流国际贸易理论均基于同质企业的假定来分析国际贸易的原因和影响。近年来以Melitz为代表的经济学家开始将企业异质性纳入国际贸易理论研究。本文以被Helpman称为基石性的Melitz"贸易对行业内资源配置与生产率的影响"一文为基础,介绍当前"新"贸易理论①的主要理论框架、主要观点和贸易自由化的经济效应。

Homogeneous firms are assumed in international theories. In recent papers such as Melitz （2003）, Bernard, Eaton, Jensen and Korturn （2003）, they built an industry model with heterogeneous firm to explain why international trade induced the reallocation of resources among firms in an industry. This article introduces this new theory＇s basic framework, main viewpoint and the economic effect of trade liberalization based on Melitz （2003）＇s paperl which was highly recommended by Helpman as a cornerstone in this direction.