某院呼吸科药品不良反应的监测与分析

Monitoring and Analysis of ADR in the Department of Respiratory Disease

目的:了解呼吸科住院患者药品不良反应(ADR)的流行病学特征,探讨ADR发生特点及规律,为临床安全用药提供参考。方法:选择北京市某医院的呼吸科作为样本点,利用前瞻性试验设计进行数据收集。对2005年11月1日至2006年4月30日间收治的322名住院患者进行主动监测,对患者的流行病学特征、ADR特征等进行调查,并对ADR报告表进行统计分析。结果:呼吸科ADR发生率为9·94%(32/322);在呼吸科,引起ADR的前2位药物是抗感染药、抗肿瘤药;另ADR临床表现居前3位的为血液系统损害、皮肤及其附件损害、消化系统损害;ADR转归较好。结论:应加强对患者的教育及对医护人员的培训,树立ADR监测和救治的观念,针对ADR发生率较高的药品采取措施,减轻损害。

OBJECTIVE： To study the epidemiological features of the adverse drug reactions（ADR） in the department of respiratory diseases in a 3-A grade hospital in Beijing, discuss the occurrence features and general pattern of ADR for references of clinical safe drug use.METHODS： A hospital in Beijing was chosen as our target for sampling.The data was collected using a prospective protocol .ADR monitoring was conduced among 322 inpatients admitted to respiratory ward between Nov. 1, 2005 to Apr.30, 2006, with the epidemiological features and ADR characteristics of the patients surveyed and the ADR case reports analyzed statistically.RESULTS： Of the 322 patients, 9.94% （32/322） presented with ADR, which were induced predominantly by anti - infective agents and antineoplastic agents.ADR was characterized chiefly by lesions of hematological system, skin and its appendages and digestive system.But the ADR had a favorable turnover.CONCLUSION： Great importance should be attached to patients＇ education and medical staff＇s training to increase their awareness of monitoring and remedy of ADR.Meanwhile,measures should be taken to lessen the lesions induced by those drugs that with higher ADR incidences.