1日龄牦牛肺泡毛细血管的扫描电镜观察

Observation on the Pulmonary Capillary in One-day Old Yak(Bos grunniens) under the Scanning Electron Microscope

本文运用血管铸型和扫描电镜技术对1日龄牦牛肺实质内微血管的铸型进行研究,旨在发现新生牦牛肺微血管的分布特征,为探讨牦牛肺微血管在出生后的发生与生长规律奠定基础。结果显示:低倍镜下肺泡微血管网呈现不规则的、类似于蜂窝样的肺泡群结构,局部区域的肺泡血管网伸展不完全,血管网形成肺泡腔的形态和大小差异很大,可以看到完全开张的肺泡、半开张的肺泡、轻微开张的肺泡以及未开张的肺泡。根据血管管径的粗细、血管网孔的大小、血管分布的疏密以及局部区域血管分布的形态差异可以将局部区域肺泡壁的毛细血管网分为3种形式:即板块状血管网、筛孔状血管网以及网络状血管网。肺泡隔内微血管网的存在形式和毗邻关系不尽相同,可以分为单层型血管网、双层型血管网以及毗邻型血管网。肺泡毛细血管的铸型表面还可见到内皮细胞核的压迹。

The present study characterized the pulmonary microvascular architecture in the paren- chyma of newborn yak by vascular corrosion cast and scanning electron microscopy in order to explore the distributing patterns of pulmonary microvessels in newborn yak, the mechanisms of the microvascular growth and development during the postnatal period. We found irregular, honeycomb like alveolar capillary network on the cut surface at a low magnification. In some fields of view, the alveolar capillary networks extended incompletely, and the alveolar cavities varied in shape and size. We also found completely expanded alveoli, half expanded alveoli, slightly expanded alveoli and unexpanded alveoli. There were three different forms of alveolar capillary network, including sheetlike, sievelike and weblike network. Also the capillary network in the alveolar septa could be classed into single-layered, double-layered and adjacent capillary networks. In addition, the oriented imprints of the endothelial cell nuclei were found on the surface of the well- expanded capillaries.