原子力显微镜表征采后果蔬结构特性的研究进展

Advances in structural characterization of postharvest fruits and vegetables using atomic force microscopy

目的:系统介绍原子力显微镜的原理及其在采后果蔬结构特性研究中的优点,综述原子力显微镜在果蔬采后表皮微观结构、多糖大分子结构及其相互作用等方面的应用;结果:利用原子力显微镜的粗糙度分析可表征贮藏中果蔬表皮水分蒸发及溶液涂抹对表皮粗糙度的影响;通过定性分析多糖大分子链纳米结构,得到果蔬大分子的分支及聚合特征;通过提取定量链特征参数可以解释贮藏中果胶等大分子纳米层次的降解途径和过程;通过操纵多糖大分子可以模拟采后果蔬中生物大分子的相互作用;结论:原子力显微镜作为纳米尺度的表征工具,通过研究果蔬纳米结构与功能的关系,对揭示果蔬的抗氧化、抗衰老等生理功能有重要意义。

Objective： The fundamentals of AFM and its advantages in structural characterization of postharvest fruits and vegetables were introduced. In the article, the application of atomic force microscopy （AFM） in the structural characterization of postharvest fruits and vegetables were reviewed, including skin microstructures, polysaccharide structures and their molecular interactions; Results： Roughness analysis with AFM can be utilized to characterize the effects of moisture evaporation and coating on the skin status of postharvest fruits and vegetables. Qualitative analysis by AFM on nanoscale was applied to investigate the polysaccharide branches and aggregates of fruits and vegetables. In addition, the fundamentals of polysaccharide degradation at the nanostructural level during storage can be illustrated by analyzing the quantitative characteristic parameters of single molecules and polymers. Furthermore, the interactions among macromolecules of postharvest fruits and vegetables can be simulated through manipulating the molecules by AFM; Conclusion： AFM, as one of the nanotechnology tools, has been applied to study the relation between the nanostructure of fruits and vegetables and their function, and this is significant to the revealment of biological function of fruits and vegetables, including antioxidation and anti - aging and so on.