古德诺的政治与行政协调发展思想研究

Surveying on Goodnow's thought about coordinately develop the politic and administration

古德诺在《政治与行政》一书中,不仅明确提出政治是"国家意志的表达",行政是"国家意志的执行",而且系统地论述了在政治与行政二分的前提下,如何使二者协调发展的问题。也就是如何在"分"的基础上,实现"和"。为阐明这一观点,在逻辑思路上,古德诺分为两步:第一步,从理论层面论证了政治与行政协调发展的方法,结论是政治对行政要有一定的控制;第二步,从现实层面论证了在各国特定的行政体制、政府体制、政党体制下,如何使政治对行政进行适当的和有效的控制。

In the book《politic and administration》, Goodnow not only clearly put forward that politic is ＂a expression of the state＇s volition＂, administration is ＂a execution of the state＇s volition＂, but also systematically explicated about the issue as how to make the politic and administration to coordinately develop under the precondition of the two being apart from each oth- er. In other words, how to realize the two in ＂unification＂ on the base of ＂separation＂. In order to elucidate this opinion, Goodnow logically divided two steps： the first step as, theoretically proved about the method for the two to coordinately develop, the conclusion is that the politic had to certainly control administration; the second step as, realistically proved that under the all states＇ particular administration systems, government systems and polity systems, how to make the politic to properly and effectively control the administration.