茄子雄性不育系与保持系生理生化特性比较分析

Comparative Study on Physiological and Biochemical Properties of Male Sterile Lines and Their Maintainers in Eggplant

以赤茄(Solanum integrifolium)和栽培品种远缘杂交选育得到的核质互作型雄性不育系05-506及其保持系05-507为材料,测定并分析了叶片激素、叶绿素、游离总氨基酸、可溶性糖含量及光合特性。结果表明,茄子不育系苗期叶片中IAA和GA3含量低于保持系,ZR含量高于保持系,ABA/(IAA+ZR+GA3)比值约为保持系的1.3倍;不育系叶绿素含量幼苗期低于保持系,盛花期和保持系相近,结果期高于保持系;可溶性糖和游离总氨基酸含量高低随光合速率的变化而变化,幼苗期C/N比值低,盛花期C/N比值增大,碳水化合物代谢加强,结果期C/N比值下降,但不育系下降幅度较保持系少。不育系与保持系的Pn日变化均呈双峰曲线,即有光合"午休"现象;Pn值顺序不育系为幼苗期<盛花期<结果期,保持系为幼苗期<结果期<盛花期;不育系在营养生长和生殖生长时期的光饱和点均高于保持系,光补偿点在幼苗期和盛花期高于保持系,但结果期比保持系低。

The eggplant male sterile line 05-506 and its maintainer 05-507 which were developed through inter-specific hybridization of S. melongena L. with S. integrifolium, were employed to analyze the content of hormones, chlorophyll, free amino acids, soluble sugar and photosynthetic characteristics in eggplant leaves. Results showed that the content of IAA and GA3 in the male sterile line was lower than those in its maintainer in seedling stage, but the content of ZR was higher than that in its maintainer. The ratio of ABA/（ IAA＋ZR＋GA3 ） in the male sterile line was 1.3 times of the maintainer. In seedling stage, the chlorophyll content of the maintainer line was higher than that of the male sterile line. In blooming stage, the male sterile line was observed to have a similar chlorophyll content with its maintainer. In fruiting stage, the chlorophyll content of maintainer line was lower compared with the male sterile line. The variation of net photosynthesis rate （Pn） was found similar to the content of soluble sugar and free amino acid. The ratio of soluble sugar content to free amino acid in eggplant was quite low in seedling stage, however, it increased in blooming stage and decreased in fruiting stage. The decreased ratio of male sterile line was lower than maintainer line in fruiting stage. The curves of diurnal variation of Pn in leaves of the male sterile line and their maintainer showed two peaks, with a phenomenon of noon nap. Pn values of seedling stage〈blooming stage〈fruiting stage in different stages were ranked as, but seedling stage〈fruiting stage blooming stage〈 blooming stage for the maintainer. The research also demonstrated that the light saturation point of the male sterile line was always higher than that of the maintainer line both in vegetative growth and in reproductive growth stages,the light compensation point of the male sterile line was always higher than that of the maintainer line both in seedling stage and the blooming stage, but lower compared with the maintainer in fruiting stage.