雌雄异株植物性别决定相关功能基因研究进展

Research Progress of Sex Determination Associated Function Genes in Dioecious Plants

雌雄异株植物是植物性别决定机制及演化的重要研究材料,通过分子生物学技术分离性别决定的相关基因是揭示雌雄异株植物性别决定的关键问题之一。近10年来已经分离到了多个性染色体连锁的基因DD44X/Y、SlX/Y3、SlX/Y4、MROS3、SLZPT2-1、SLZPT4-1。尽管这些基因都存在于性染色体上,但是对其功能分析发现这些基因并不是性别决定的关键基因,而是性别决定控制系统中的成员之一。另外MADS-box基因也和性别特征器官的建成有关。本文对这些基因的结构及在性别决定中的功能研究进行综述和分析,并对可能的新的研究方向进行评价。

Dioecious plants are important materials of elucidating the mechanism and evolution of plant sex determination. Separating sex determination related genes by molecular biology technique is one of the key issue on revealing sex determination of dioecious plants. Many sex determination related genes such as DD44X/Y, SlX/Y3, SIX/Y4,MROS3,SLZPT2-1 and SLZPT4-1 were separated in the recent ten years. These genes are not key genes in sex determination although located on sex chromosome. MADS-hox genes were isolated from many dioecious plants, which were related closely with construction of unisexuality reproduction organs. In this article, the study on the construct and the function of genes in sex determination was reviewed and analyzed, and the new possible research direction was evaluated.