桔梗种质资源农艺性状的主成分及聚类分析

Principal Component and Cluster Analysis of Platycodon grandiflorum Germplasm

目的探讨桔梗种质的遗传差异性,为桔梗品种选育和引种栽培提供依据。方法采用主成分分析和聚类分析方法,分析了来自10个省份的17份种质的开花日期、株高、主茎叶片数、最大叶长、最大叶宽、分支数、花冠直径、结实果率、果长、果宽、千粒重、每果粒数等12个农艺性状。结果筛选出特征根累计贡献率86.32%的5个主成分;对选出的品种中主成分进行系统聚类分析,在离差平方和的水平上将其划分为5大类群。结论桔梗种质的分布呈现出一定的地域相似性。

Objective To find out the genetic diversity of germplasm and provide the basal data for the breeding and cultivation of Platycodon grandiflorum. Methods Total of 17 cultivation germplasms was analyzed by principal component and cluster analysis with data from 12 agronomic traits Results 5 principal components were obtained, which contributed variance over 86.32%. Based on these principal components, germplasms were clustered into 5 groups withWard＇s method. First had early flowering date with large lamina and short stem, second type had high fruiting rate with long and narrow fruit, third type had the lowest fruiting rate with mall lamina and corolla, the forth type bade rich branches with large corolla and fruit and the last type had late flowering date with high stem and poor branches. Conclusions Platycodon grandiflorum had abundant genetic diversity about agronomic traits in China, and the similar type of Platycodon grandiflorum germplasms distributed over the similar elimate areas.