利用微卫星分析中国家兔的遗传多样性

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Chinese Rabbit with Microsatellite DNA Markers

利用10个微卫星DNA标记对七个家兔品种进行了遗传检测。利用变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测微卫星的PCR扩增产物，计算了七个家兔品种（9个家兔群体）样本在10个微卫星基因座上的等位基因频率、微卫星的多态信息含量（PIC）、各群体遗传杂合度、群体间的遗传距离、并根据遗传距离对这几个群体进行了聚类分析。结果表明：所选择的10个微卫星位点在所检测群体中均表现了较好的多态性，平均多态信息含量为0．569905。平均杂舍度范围在0．5885～0．6826。表明所研究的家兔品种的遗传多样性较丰富，还可以做进一步的选择利用。根据遗传距离所做的聚类分析图表明吉戎-Ⅰ系和吉戎-Ⅱ系、哈尔滨大白兔、塞北兔的亲缘关系依次较近，与它们的培育历史相吻合。

Genetic diversity of seven rabbit lines was evaluated on the basis of 10 microsatellite markers. The PCR amplified products of microsatellites were detected by denatured polyacry lamide gel electro- phoresis. Allele frequercy, polymorphism information content, gene heterozygosity for 10 microsatellite in seven rabbit breeds（nine rabbit population） loci were were estimated. And then ,cluster analysis based on calculated, and genetic distances between these breeds those calculated genetic distance lines was performed for the seven rabbit lines. The results showed that every microsatellite loci analyzed were polymorphic in those rabbit lines with the average polymorphism information content（PIC） equal to 0. 569905. Rates of average heterozygosity in nine rabbit populations are all high, the range is from 0. 5885 to 0. 6826, which suggested that those rabbit breeds had abundant genetic diversity and potential of selection. In regard to the result of NJ cluster analysis according to genetic distance ,indicated that there were the close genetic rela- tionship among Jirong- Ⅰ Rex rabbit,Jirong-Ⅱ Rex rabbit, Harbin white rabbit, Saibei rabbit, that is consistent with breeding history.