历史古镇空间格局的解读与再生--以华阳古镇为例

ANALYSIS AND REGENERATION ON THE SPACE STRUCTURE OF HUAYANG HISTORIC TOWN AS A CASE STUDY

历史古镇经过几千年物质和文化的积淀,形成独特的空间结构,但随着城市功能的注入却使古镇的肌理受到颠覆性的破坏,城镇经济发展与历史文化保护之间的矛盾越来越突出。以陕西省洋县华阳古镇为例,运用"空间结构理论"对其空间体系进行解读,从而提出空间格局再生的思路,这对于保护与弘扬优秀传统文化,促进历史古镇的繁荣发展具有重要的现实意义。

Historic town has grown its unique space structure influenced by the local material and cultural basis. However, the spatial structure of historic town has been destroyed by the infusing functions of modem city. Now, the contradiction between town development and historic town protection has been worse than ever. Generally speaking, the historic value, artistic importance, and aesthetic spirit, hidden in the historic town, are not only the basis of traditional Chinese culture, but also the achievements of modem industrial civilization, which present the wills of changing the world by human beings, and of people living in busy cities. Now there＇s no uniform mode for protection and development of historic town due to the big differences among historic towns all over the world, such as geographic differences, cultural differences and so on. In this thesis, guided by space-structure theory, the author tries to explain the space system, the protection-development contradiction viewing at natural-ecologic space, manual matter space, and spirit space by taking the Huayang town, Yang County, Shaan＇xi province as an example, so as to regrow historic town with its unique material and cultural value. With 2000-year history, Huayang town, located in the south of Qin Mountain, was grown under special space arrangement, which is the amalgamation between stockaded village and middle axes. It is said that this is an excellent space arrangement among traditional Chinese towns. Furthermore, the basis for historic town is the nature-ecologic space, which is meaningful not only for environment, but also for culture. And this is the key to harmonious development between nature and historic town. Huayang town was planned under the foundation of regrowing economic value, culture value, social value and ecologic value,which made a harmonious intergrowth in terms of methods such as frame construction, ante type protection, function enrichment, renewal system, figure creation, and space conformity. The regrowth of space structure of historic town is not only a space problem, but also a problem under typical period and society, which plays an important role between the living standard improvement for local people and nature-history sustenability. Moreover, the protection and regrowth of space structure is not the only way to analyze historic town. Under the invading of modem civilization, how to made an effective, harmonious, and sustainable development for historic town is a further problem.