N_1+N_2结构中的意念焦点

The Ideational Focus in N_1+N_2 Structure

在N1+N2复合名词结构中,N1和N2的线性顺序不可随意调换,这也就意味着两者不可能处在完全相同的认知地位上。传统的中心词概念本质上是语法性的,它仅适合描述英语,但不适合描述汉语。即便引入结构中心和语义中心的概念,仍无法满足对汉语复合名词进行准确描述的要求。人们也尝试用认知语言学的理论来对该结构进行阐释,然而其不可靠的阐释基础或者对语言实际的误读,使得所得出的结论令人怀疑。在以上分析的基础上,结合汉英复合名词的语言实际,本文提出一个意念焦点的概念,用来对英汉语复合名词进行统一的阐释。

In N1＋N2 compound structure, the sequential position of Nl and N2 cannot be changed freely, which indicates that the two elements are always in different cognitive statuses. The traditional concept of head is grammatical in nature, and is only suitable for the description of English instances, not Chinese ones. Though the concepts of structural head and semantic head have been distinguished, there still exist some difficulties in a precise description of Chinese compound nouns. Cogni- tive theories have been employed in the analysis of compound structure, but the conclusions derived from these analyses are doubtful in that the interpretation strategies seem to be not convincing enough or the linguistic facts have been misunder- stood. Based on the analysis of the above problems, and an in-depth exploration into the linguistic facts of both English and Chinese, a new concept of Ideational Focus is proposed, which is believed to be capable of interpreting all the N1＋N2 compound instances in both English and Chinese.