自闭症患儿听觉诱发反应检测分析

Observation of the Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials in Autism Childhood

目的探讨自闭症患儿听觉诱发反应的变化情况。方法将研究对象分为3组:①正常组(17例);②自闭症Ⅰ组(起病时间<1年,20例);③自闭症Ⅱ组(起病时间≥1年,22例)。以上三组在镇静催眠条件下接受40Hz听觉事件诱发反应(40Hz-AERP)、听性稳态反应(ASSR)、听性脑干反应(ABR)检测,比较各组检测结果。结果①自闭症Ⅰ、Ⅱ组40Hz-AERP、ASSR与正常组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。②自闭症Ⅰ、Ⅱ组ABR的波Ⅲ、Ⅴ潜伏期及Ⅰ-Ⅲ、Ⅰ-Ⅴ波间期较正常组延长(P<0.05),且Ⅱ组较Ⅰ组明显延长,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论自闭症患儿听力基本正常,但ABR表现为脑干传导时间延长,且起病时间越久,延长越明显,提示自闭症患儿脑干听觉传导通路可能异常,这可能是造成自闭症患儿认知、语言能力发育异常的原因之一。

Objective To investigate the changes of brainstem auditory evoked potentials of autistic children. Methods 59 children were divided into three groups; normal group （17 cases）, autistic group Ⅰ （onset time 〈1 year, 20 cases） and autistic group Ⅱ （onset time ≥1 year, 22 cases）. The three groups under the conditions of sedation and hypnosis were detected by 40 Hz auditory event--related potential （40 Hz--AERP）, auditory steady -- state response（ASSR）, and auditory brainstem response （ABR）. The results were analyzed. Results ①No significant difference was found on 40 Hz-- AERP, ASSR when comparing autistic group Ⅰ and Ⅱ with normal group, and there was no significant difference between autistic group Ⅰ and Ⅱ（P〉0.05）. ②Wave Ⅲ , V latency and Ⅰ - Ⅲ , Ⅰ - Ⅴ wave interval of ABR in autistic group Ⅰ and Ⅱ were longer than normal group（P〈0.05）. The time of autistic group Ⅱ was obviously prolonged than that of autistic group Ⅰ . There was significant difference between autistic group Ⅰ and Ⅱ （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Acouesthesia of autistic children is almost normal. But the brainstem transmission time of ABR is prolonged, and the longer the onset time is, the more obvious the extension of BBT is. It is indicated that auditory brainstem dysfunction may lead to the dysplasia of cognitive ability and language ability of autistic children.