兰州地区新生儿听力筛查初步分析

The Analysis of Newborn Hearing Screening in Lanzhou city

目的了解兰州地区新生儿听损伤的发病情况及新生儿听力筛查的部分影响因素。方法自2006年4月至2006年12月应用瞬态诱发耳声发射（transient evoked otoacoustic emission，TEOAE）对兰州地区四家医院产科出生的1728例新生儿进行听力筛查，于出生后3～7天初筛，初筛未通过者于生后42天行复筛，复筛仍未通过者于生后3个月时行听性脑干反应（auditory brainstem response，ABR）检查进行诊断。结果初筛通过率为92．8％（1604／1728），初筛未通过率7．2％（124／1728），复筛率59．7％（74／124），复筛通过率83．8％（62／74），复筛未通过率16．2％（12／74）。最后经ABR诊断为听损伤者3例。结论耳声发射是有效的新生儿听力筛查工具，在兰州地区进行新生儿听力筛查势在必行。复筛率低是本次筛查的突出问题，需采取切实可行的措施提高复筛率。

Objective To study the prevalence of congenital hearing impairment among newborns and the relative factors influencing the application of transient evoked otoacoustic emission （TEOAE） in neonatal hearing screening in Lanzhou city. Methods TEOAE was used to conduct newborns hearing screen from four hospitals of Lanzhou city at the age of 3～7 days. Follow up screening was provided for those failed the initial screening 42 days later. Auditory brainstem response（ABR）was subsequeatly used to confirm the diagnosis at the age of 3 months. Resuits From April 2006 to December 2006, among 2 700 newborns available,only 1 728 newborns （64%） recieved the initial screening before discharge. The rates of not passing initial screening using TEOAE were 7. 2% （124/1 728） and 16.2% （12/74） for the follow up screening. Three cases were found with hearing loss. Conclusion TEOAE screening is an effective tool for hearing screening in early days. It is necessary to promote the practice of UNHS in Gansu province and Lanzhou city despite there are many problems to be solved.