针刺对大鼠不同状态血压调节作用的机制

Research on the Mechanism of Action in Regulating Blood Pressure of Rats with Different Status by Acupuncture

目的：探讨针刺对大鼠不同状态血压所产生的效应及神经机制。方法：健康成年雄性SD大鼠42只，采用微电极细胞外记录大鼠孤束核单个神经元的活动及动脉插管观察血压变化。药理学方法制造不同血压的大鼠模型，分别在正常血压（正常模型）、高血压（高血压模型）及低血压（低血压模型）状态下，针刺大鼠耳甲、曲池、内关及足三里穴，并观察孤束核神经元放电及血压的变化。结果：与针刺前比较，正常模型及高血压模型针刺耳甲、曲池穴均有显著的降压效应（P〈0．01）；低血压模型针刺内关穴有显著的升压效应（P〈0．05）。针刺足三里对高血压模型有显著降压效应，对低血压有显著升压效应（P〈0．05～0.01）。针刺各穴均能有效激活孤束核神经元放电，尤以耳甲穴最为明显。结论：针刺耳甲、曲池、内关及足三里穴对血压的调节作用与孤束核神经元的激活密切相关；穴位的双向调节作用并不一定表现为同一穴位对不同病理状态下的内脏器官有双向调节效应，可能表现为不同穴位的综合作用是纠正机体机能活动向正常平衡与稳态状态方向的良性调节。

Objective： To explore the regulatory effects of acupuncture on blood pressure in rats with different status and the neurological mechanisms. Methods： By using electrophysiological methods, the extracellular discharge signals of neuronic action in NTS were recorded with glass microelectrode. The influence of acupuncture on the discharges of NTS neurons and blood pressure at Erjia, Quchi, Neiguan, Zusanli points was observed in rats under normal condition and the condition of intravenous injection of norepinephrine or nitroprusside sodium. Results： Acupuncture at Erjia, Quchi, Zusanli respectively could obviously decrease the blood pressure in hypertension status （P〈0.01）. Acupuncture at Neiguan, Zusanli could obviously increase the blood pressure in hypotension status （P〈0. 05-0. 01）. Furthermore, acupuncture at Erjia, Quchi, Neiguan, Zusanli all activated the discharges of NTS neurons remarkably. The effect of Erjia was especially obvious. Conclusion： The function of adjusting blood pressure by acupuncture at Erjia, Quchi, Neiguan and Zusanli has a close relation to the activation of NTS neurons.