几种植物源农药对蚜虫的生物活性测定

Test for bioactivity of several botanical pesticides on aphids

分别采用浸叶法和浸渍法测定了苦参碱和印楝素对瓜蚜的室内毒力,结果表明:两药剂对瓜蚜有较好的毒杀作用,其毒力均明显高于对照药剂吡虫啉,苦参碱的毒力又显著高于印楝素(相同测定方法);苦参碱为正温度效应的杀虫剂,印楝素则为存在一定负温度效应的杀虫剂;测定了7.15%银杏酚(分别为80℃和100℃乙醇提取物)对桃蚜的生物活性,发现其对桃蚜有一定的触杀、拒食和内吸作用,LC50(AFC50)值分别为1 877和2 1324、675和3 027、1 838和2 835(96 h)a.i.mg/L,较常规杀虫剂毒力低。

The toxicities of botanical pesticides（matrine and azadirachtin） to the adults of A.gossypii were tested in the laboratory by different methods.The results showed that both insecticides had a good control effect on these aphids.Their toxicities were significantly greater than that of the conventional insecticide imidacloprid,and the toxicity of matrine was significantly higher than that of azadirachtin.Matrine had a positive temperature effect,while azadirachtin had a negative temperature effect.Bioactivities of two insecticides of 7.15% ginkgo phenol extracted respectively at 80 ℃ and 100 ℃ against M.persicae were also tested.The results showed that they had contact,antifeeding and systemic action on the aphids.And the corresponding LC50（AFC50） values were 1 877 and 2 132,4 675 and 3 027,1 838 and 2 835（96 h） a.i.mg/L,respectively.Their toxicities were relatively lower than those of conventional insecticides.