榨菜配套优化栽培技术试验与研究

The research on cultural technique of stem mustard(Brassica juncea var.tsatsai)

对浙江海宁市榨菜病毒病种类、网纱覆盖育苗、播种期、移栽密度和瘤茎膨大期的追肥进行了试验,结果表明：海宁市榨菜病毒主要是芜菁花叶病毒;采用网纱覆盖育苗比露地育苗病毒病发病率和病情指数分别降低17.8个百分点和52.2%;适当推迟播种时间,可减少蚜虫的传毒和染病的机会,具有降低病毒病发病率而增产的效果,榨菜最佳播种时间为10月5～10日;采用移栽密度27.0万株/hm^2和适当增加瘤茎膨大期追肥具有明显增产效果。

The cultural experiment of stem mustard was carried out in such aspects as virus disease incidence,raising seedlings under gauze covering,seeding date,planting density,and applying additional fertilizer at the stem expansion stage in order to improve the cultural technique.The results showed that the main virus of the stem mustard planted in the Haining area was a turnip mosaic virus;Compared with open field cultivation,raising seedlings under gauze covering decreased virus disease incidence and disease index respectively by 17.8 percentage points and 52.2%;Appropriately deferring the seeding time could reduce the incidence of pest and disease and so increase the yield;The optimal seeding time was between Oct.5 and Oct.10;Adopting 2.70×105 plants/hm^2 planting density and appropriately applying more additional fertilizer at the stem expansion stage could obviously increase the yield.