中国现代学术奖励制度的创建

Establishment of Chinese modern academic awarding system

中国现代意义上的学术奖励制度,是民国时期效仿西方学术体制逐渐创建的。尽管新式学术社团及学术研究机构最早创设了各种名目的学术奖金,最先移植并尝试建立现代学术奖励制度,但由于中国特殊的国情,中国现代学术奖励制度却是在政府主导下真正创建起来的。国民政府对学术成果奖励标准的拟定、修改及方法,乃至在付诸实践中不断完善的事实表明,中国现代学术奖励制度实由政府主导。教育部颁布的《著作发明及美术奖励规则》,堪称中国现代学术史上采用量化标准来奖励学术成果之集大成者,也成为中国现代学术奖励制度建立的重要标志。

Chinese modern academic awarding system, which was imitative of western academic system, was established in the period of Republic of China. New-style academic associations and research organizations set up diversified academic prizes and attempted to establish modern academic awarding system at the earliest; however, because of the special condition of China, Chinese academic awarding system was ultimately established under the domination of the government. The government of Republic of China drafted, amended, and improved the standard of the academic achievement prize in practice, signified that Chinese modern academic awarding system was actually led by the government. The Rules of Prizes for Literary Works, Inventions and A rt promulgated by Department of Education could be regarded as the epitome of academic awarding on the basis of the quantized standard in modern Chinese academic history, and became a significant symbol of the establishment of Chinese modern academic awarding system.