病人自主性与家庭本位主义之间的张力

On Tensions between Patients' Autonomy and Family Departmentalism

在中国几千年小农经济和传统文化背景下,个人利益、个人权利一直被置于家庭之下,个人自主性被包含在家庭自主性之内,表现为一种家庭本位主义。源自西方历史、文化的知情同意移植到中国后,受传统文化观念的影响,中国人对知情同意的认知、理解以及实践方式均不同于西方人。这种不同集中表现在人们对家属同意权的认可。以个人本位主义为背景的病人自主性与中国文化中的家庭本位主义之间存在张力。对知情同意在不同文化环境中不同践行方式,应以文化宽容主义的态度对待之。

In the traditional culture of China where small-scale peasant economy has lasted for thousands of years, individual benefits and rights have always been subordinated to the family and therefore, individual autonomy, as part of family autonomy, is thus only a reflection of the departmentalism of the family. In such a culture, the informed consent, a transplant from the West, is different from the original concept in ways of its conception, interpretation and practice in the West from which it is introduced, and in particular, in the way of the acceptance of a family member＇s agreement right. Namely, in China, there is a tension between patients＇ autonomy and family autonomy. In this situation, a culturally tolerant attitude is needed in the treatment of the tension according to the specific situation in China.