湖北省14起急性血吸虫病突发疫情分析

Analysis of the outbreak of 14 acute schistosomiasis cases in Hubei province

目的分析2003-2005年湖北省急性血吸虫病（以下简称“急血”）疫情的分布、特点和处理情况,为制定防治措施提供依据。方法运用Excel软件将全省范围内发生的急血疫情数据建立数据库、用SPSS统计软件进行统计分析。结果3年间,共发生急性血吸虫病疫情14起,2003年4起,2004年4起,2005年6起。急血病例共计125例,其中传播阻断地区1例,传播控制地区18例,未控制地区106例；急血病例中男性79例,女性46例,年龄最大的80岁,最小的5岁,平均年龄29.8岁。农民与学生为主要发病人群。感染方式主要以游泳戏水和农业生产接触疫水为主。发病时间分布在5-9月份,7月为发病高峰时间。结论传播控制、传播阻断地区疫情有所回升；急血的高危人群主要为中小学生和农民；急血的突发与健康教育不到位有关；流动人群发生急血的风险有所增加。

Objective To analyze the outbreak pattern of acute schistosomiasis in Hubei province from 2003 to 2005 so as to form some prevention and treatment measures. Methods By using Excel to establish a database of acute schistosomiasis in Hubei province, and analyze these data with SPSS. Results There were 14 episodes of the epidemic out-breaks during 3 years ： 4 outbreaks in 2003,4 outbreaks in 2004,6 outbreaks in 2005,125 cases in total. Among the cases, 1 case in the transmission-interrupted areas,18 cases in transmission-controlled areas,106 cases in uncontrolled areas. Female 79, and male 45. The age ranged from 5 to 80 years old. the average age was 29.8. Farmers and students were the main high risk groups, they were exposed to epidemic water when swimming and farming. The epidemic generally happened from May to September. The peak time was July. Conclusion The epidemic situation rebound in the transmission-inter-rupted and controlled areas. Elementary and middle school students as well as farmers were the high risk population. The increase of this disease was also related to inappropriate health education. The risk of floating population also increased. The routine investigation and elimination of snails were not or not sufficiently carried out. Infection source was not well managed. The prevention and treatment of livestock were also not well implemented. The unsatisfactory implementation of the overall plan of schistosomiasis control was caused by many factors.