应用PDCA对康复期精神分裂症患者实施全程干预的研究

The Rehabilitative Effects of PDCA on Whole Course Intervention of Schizophrenics

目的了解PDCA对康复期精神分裂症患者的康复效果。方法将100例精神分裂症患者随机分成研究组和对照组各50例。对照组行常规抗精神病药物治疗及住院指导、出院宣教；研究组在此基础上应用PDCA实施为期8个月的住院一社区一家庭全程干预。采用住院精神病患者康复疗效评定量表（IPROS）、焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）、自尊量表（SESL总体幸福感量表（GBW）对两组患者分别于干预前及家庭访视（8个月）后进行效果评估。结果①IPROS总分及各因子评分干预前两组比较无显著性差异（P〉0．05），8个月后两组比较，总分及各因子分差异有显著性或非常显著性意义（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）；②干预前后研究组患者的SAS、SDS、SES及GBW评分差值均明显高于对照组（P〈0．01），差异有极显著性意义（P〈0．01）；③干预后，两组复发率及再住院率比较，两组有显著性差异（P〈0．05或〈0．01）。结论应用PDCA对患者全程干预，能促进患者社会康复，是一项行之有效的康复护理模式。

Objective To understand the rehabilitative effects of the PDCA on schizophrenics. Methods 100 schizophrenics were randomly divided into study group and control group for 50. The control group was simply treated with antipsychotics, in hospital instruction and out of hospital advice; the study group added to apply PDCA to the patients in the whole course of in hospital - community - family for 8 months. The effects of two groups were evaluated with IPROS, SAS, SDS, SLS, and GBW. Results There was no significant differences in the total and each parts scores of IPROS befor the interfere, but after 8 months, the total and each parts scores have significant difference. The score of study group of SAS, SDS, SES, and GBW were significantly, higher than the control group＇s before and after interfered. After interfered, two groups have significant difference in the rate of recurrence and re - in hospitaL Conclusion Applying PDCA to the patients in the whole course of interfering is an effective nursing model and can promote the pafient＇s society rehabilitation.