老年手术患者术前健康状况与围手术期并发症发生情况的调查

The Investigation on Preoperative Health Stature and Perioperative Complication Incidence of Aged Patients

目的探讨老年患者术前机体健康状况和围手术期并发症的发生情况。方法通过对2884名60岁以上患者进行问卷调查，调查内容为术前健康状况、术后并发症及死亡情况并进行统计分析。结果本组术前1981例（68．7％）合并1种以上疾病，1186例（41．1％）合并2种疾病，975例（33．8％）合并3种疾病；术后595例（20．6％）出现1种以上并发症，如肺炎、脑血管意外、消化道出血、电解质紊乱等；有83例（2．9％）因心、脑、肺、肾功能衰竭死亡。结论老年患者多合并内科疾病，且与术后并发症有着密切关系，心、脑、肺、肾功能，及水电解质平衡、血糖变化对老年患者机体康复有显著影响。

Objective To explore preoperative health stature and perioperative complication incidence of aged people. Methods To retrospective analysis the preoperative health stature and perioperative complication incidence about 2 884 aged people （60 years old and older） which was operated from January, 2005 to October, 2006. Results Before operation, 1 981 （68. 7% ） patients have one or more coexist disease, 1 186 （41.1%） patients have two coexist diseases, 975 patients （33. 8% ） have three coexist diseases： After operation, one or more complications occurred in 595 patients （20. 6% ）, such as pneumonia 、 cerebral accident、 alimentary tract hemorrhage、 electrolyte disturbance、myocardial infaction, wound infection, aspirational asphyxia、 decubital ulcer and so on; 83 patients （2.9%） died because of heart、 brain、 lung, kidkey function failure. Conclusi on Aged patients had more coexist diseases, the complications and death rates in aged patients were higher than in younger patients. The complications were correlated with preoperative health stature and coexist diseases. Some factors can influence the patients rehabilitation, such as heart、 brain、 lung、 kidkey function、 watereletrolyte banlance, blood glucose change.