乳腺癌普查中各种检测方法的评价

我院在对４６．９万妇女进行乳腺普查中，应用手检、钼靶、Ｂ超和近红外光扫描等４种方法，共检出乳腺癌１８１例，其中１６１例经手术病理证实。分析４种检查方法，手检、钼靶、Ｂ超和近红外光扫描检出乳腺癌的阳性率分别为７５％、８５％、８０％和７１％。漏诊数分别为４０、２４、３２和４７例。统计学处理表明阳性率和漏诊数钼靶和Ｂ超无显著差异，但钼靶优于其它方法。手检应为普查的第一关，对于３５岁以上妇女，以钼靶检查为优，对３５岁以下妇女，以Ｂ超为好，但即使４种方法均使用，仍有少数病例漏诊，因此各种方法不能相互代替，须强调联合检查和综合分析。

We examined 4.69 million women's breast with four methods that are palpation,mammography,Type 'B' ultrasonography and infrared light transillumination.181 cases breast cancer were discovered and 161 cases of them were proved by pathology.The positive rate of the four methods was 75、85、80、71 per cent respectively.The escaped cases of the methods were 40、24、32 and 47 cases respectively.There was no difference between mammography and type 'B' ultasonography in positive rate and escaped cases,but the mammography is better than others.The first must be palpation in the procedure,The mammography is better for women who are more than 35 years,but type 'B' ultrasonography is better for women who are less than 35 years.There are few cases escaped in examination.since the mehtods can't be replaced each other,they should be combined with examination and analysis.