输血后乙型和丙型肝炎病毒感染的前瞻性调查

PROSPECTIVE STUDU OF POSTTRANSFUSION HEPATITIS B AND C VIRUS INFECTION

目的了解输血所致 HBV 和 HCV 感染现状及 HBsAg、抗 HCV 和 ALT 筛检供血的效果.方法对138例输血者输血前、后1、3、6、9个月血清标本及其供血检测 HBsAg、抗 HBs、抗 HBc、抗 HCV 和 ALT,并对部分血清标本用 PCR及巢式 RT-PCR 法检测 HBV DNA 和 HCV RNA.结果和结论输血后 HBV 和 HCV 感染率分别为1.4%(2/138)和34.8%(48/138),输血后乙型和丙型肝炎发生率分别为0.7%(1/138)和14.5%(20/138),21例(15.2%)输血后肝炎中,输血后丙型肝炎占95.2%,输血所致 HCV 感染已成为输血后肝炎的主要原因.抗 HCV 阳性和/或 ALT 升高的供血与输血后HCV 感染密切相关,HBsAg、抗 HCV 和 ALT 筛检供血是目前较有效防止输血后 HBV 和 HCV 感染的方法。

Objective To understand the status of posttransfusion hepatitis B and C virus infection and effect of screenning donor blood by testing HBsAg,anti-HCV and ALT.Methods Serum samples from 138 patients before and 1,3, 6,9 months after transfusion and their donor blood were tested for HBsAg,anti-HCV and ALT.Some of serum samples were detected for HBV DNA and HCV RNA by polymerase chain rection and reverse transcription nest polymerase chain rection technique.Result and Conclusion The incidences of posttransfusion HBV and HCV infection were 1.4%(2/138)and 34.8%(48/138),respectively.The incidences of posttransfusion hepatitis B and C were 0.7%(1/138)and 14.5%(20/138),respectively.Of 21 patients with posttransfusion hepatitis,20(95.2%)were posttransfusion hepatits C.HCV infection through transfusion was the main cause of posttransfusion hepatitis.The donor blood with anti-HCV or elevated ALT level or both of them were closely correlated to posttransfusion HCV infection.Screenning donor blood by testing HBsAg,anti-HCV and ALT were effective methods to prevent psottransfusion HBV and HCV infection at present.