芜湖市中小学教师血压、血糖和血脂既往检测情况及指标现状

The Previous and Current Status of Hypertension, Hyperglycemia and Hyperlipidemia among the Primary and Middle School Teachers in Wuhu City

目的 了解中小学教师血压、血糖和血脂的既往检测及各指标现状,为探讨防治措施提供依据。方法 整群抽取芜湖市市区10所小学和10所中学,将其中年龄30~85岁的教师共2026人作为研究对象。分析其血压、血糖和血脂的既往检测情况,以及目前高血压、高血糖和血脂异常的患病情况。结果 调查人群既往血压、血糖和血脂的检测率分别为65.24%,35.21%和37.84%,其中血糖和血脂既往检测率男性低于女性（分别为χ^24.42,P=0.035;χ^25.42,P=0.020）。随着年龄增加,血压、血糖和血脂检测比例呈增加趋势（P〈0.05）。既往未检测血压、血糖和血脂者高血压、高血糖和血脂异常的患病率分别为21.39%,3.21%和36.90%,其中男性高血压患病率26.29%高于女性患病率18.68%（χ^25.58,P=0.018）。既往高血压、高血糖和血脂异常患者服药率分别为78.61%,85.04%和19.25%,控制率分别为46.03%,77.17%和5.94%,其中高血压和血脂异常服药率在男女性间差别有统计学意义（分别为χ^215.74,P〈0.001;χ^25.69,P=0.017）。结论 中小学教师高血压、高血糖及血脂异常情况不容乐观,加强其血压、血糖和血脂检测对控制疾病具有重要意义。

Objective To explore the previous and current status of hypertension, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in teachers of the primary and middle high schools of Wuhu city. Methods 2 026 teachers aged 30-85 yrs were cluster sampled from 10 primary and 10 middle high schools in WuHu city. They were investigated on their previous examination of blood pressure, blood glucose ＆ lipids, and current prevalence of hypertension, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. Results The previous detection rates of the blood pressure, blood glucose and the blood lipid were 65.24%, 35.21% and 37.84%, respectively. The female previous detection rate of blood glucose and lipids was significant higher than those of the male （χ^2=4.42, P=0.035;χ^2=5.42, P=0.020）. The result of trends test showed that detection rates were increased with the age increasing. The prevalence of hypertension, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia were 21.39%, 3.21% and 37.90%, respectively, among the participations without previous detection for the blood pressure, blood glucose and blood lipid, the hypertension prevalence was significant difference between the male and female participations （26.29% vs 18.68%; χ^2=5.58, P=0.018）. The medication compliance rate of the hypertensions, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia were 70.75%, 70.74% and 15.18% and the control rates were 47.04%, 72.22% and 5.85%. Concludes It is important to strengthen the detection of the blood pressure, blood glucose and blood lipid in community population in order to prevent and control the cardiovascular diseases.