乡村城镇化水污染的生态风险及背景警戒值的研究

Ecological risk and background warning values of water pollution from rural urbanization.

对江南地区乡村城镇化引起水污染的生态风险进行定量估测与相关分析表明 ,地表水BOD5、NO 3 N、苯酚、表面活性剂和降水 pH、Pb、NO 2 N、苯酚及地下水NO 3 N等水质参数与小城镇人口总数存在着一元线性显著正相关 ,地下水氯化物、细菌总数、洗涤剂和地表水CODCr等水质参数与小城镇人口总数存在着指数显著正相关 ,地表水BOD5、苯酚、表面活性剂和地下水NO 3 N、氯化物、细菌总数、洗涤剂及降水pH、苯酚、Pb等水质参数与小城镇人口密度存在着一元线性显著正相关 ,降水NO 2 N与小城镇人口密度存在着指数显著正相关 .并对该地区小城镇人口的背景极限值和最大允许背景密度进行了推算 .

In this paper,the ecological risk of water pollution from rural urbanization at the southern parts of the lower reaches of the Changjiang River was quantitatively evaluated and correlatively analyzed. The results indicate that there exist markedly monolinear correlations between BOD 5, NO 3 N, phenol, surface activator of surface water, pH, Pb, NO 2 N, phenol of precipitation, NO 3 N of groundwater and the total population.Markedly exponential correlations between chloride, total bacteria, detergent of groundwater, COD Cr of surface water and total population, and markedly monolinear correlations between BOD 5, phenol, surface activator of surface water, NO 3 N, chloride, total bacteria, detergent of groundwater, pH, phenol, Pb of precipitation and population density as well as, markedly exponential correlations between NO 2 N of precipitation and the population density in small towns are also found. The background limit values and maximum allowable background densities of population in small towns of the area were calculated.