复垦基质重金属污染的植物修复试验研究

Experimental study on phytoremediation of reclaiming substrate contaminated by heavy metal

该文研究了粉煤灰加酒糟和粉煤灰加污泥两种基质对甘蓝、小白菜和油菜生长的影响,并通过计算吸收系数、转运系数和吸收模量讨论了甘蓝、小白菜和油菜对基质中重金属Cd、Cu、Zn的修复情况。结果表明:甘蓝、小白菜和油菜3种作物的吸收系数、转运系数和吸收量系数均随着时间的延长而增大,说明作物生长后期对重金属Cd、Cu、Zn的修复要好于前期;从不同作物对重金属Cd、Cu、Zn的修复情况看,甘蓝、小白菜和油菜对Cd具有良好的修复效果,其中小白菜对Cd的修复能力强于甘蓝和油菜,油菜对基质中重金属Cu具有一定的修复潜力,而甘蓝对Zn的吸收要好于小白菜和油菜;由于吸收模量考虑了作物地上部的生物积累量,也考虑了根层中重金属的总量,从而能从对重金属的实际修复效果方面更好地评价植株的吸收能力,是衡量植物修复重金属能力的一个理想指标。

In this study, the effects on the growth of cabbage, ChineSe cabbage and rape planted on fly ash plus vinasse substrate and fly ash plus sewage sludge substrate were studied and the remediation of cabbage, Chinese cabbage and rape on heavy metal Cd, Cu and Zn was discussed by calculating absorption coefficient, transmission coefficient and absorption modulus. The conclusions were that： the absorption coefficient, Transmission coefficient and absorption modulus of cabbage, Chinese cabbage and rape increased along with the time lapsed and it indicated the remediation effects of the plants in anaphase were better than that in prophase; the results showed cabbage, had effective functions in phytoremediation on heavy metal Cd, rape had some potential in phytoremediation on Cu and cabbage was better than Chinese cabbage and rape in absorption on Zn; absorption modulus was an ideal index which can estimate the ability of phytoremediation on heavy metal, because it took into account the above-ground biomass of plants and the heavy metal gross in plant root-layer.