珠海市2001～2005年5岁以下儿童死亡监测分析

Analysis on children mortality surveillance under 5 years in Zhuhai City during 2001～2005

目的:为了解珠海市5岁以下儿童死亡流行病学现况和变化趋势,分析存在的问题,为制定相应的干预措施提供依据。方法:数据来源于珠海市2001～2005年5岁以下儿童死亡监测,采用描述性方法对数据进行分析。结果:珠海市2001年新生儿死亡率、婴儿死亡率和5岁以下儿童死亡率分别为8.44‰,10.28‰和13.19‰,到2005年分别下降到4.05‰,5.08‰和6.34‰;共557名5岁以下死亡儿童中新生儿死亡占62.66%,婴儿死亡占74.17%,1～4岁儿童死亡占20.83%;早产和低出生体重、出生窒息和肺炎是儿童死亡的前几位死因。结论:珠海市5岁以下儿童死亡率不断下降且维持在低水平,今后工作的重点将是提高围产保健,产科质量、基层复苏技术培训,进一步完善重症孕产妇和新生儿三级转诊。

Objective： To know current epidemiological status and trends on death of children under 5 years in Zhuhai for providing scientific basis for formulating intervention. Methods： Data were collected from death surveillance for children under 5 years in Zhuhai. Descriptive methods were employed to analyze the data. Results： Neonatal mortality rate （ NMR）, infant mortality rate （IMR） and under 5 years old mortality rate （U5MR） in Zhuhai dropped to 4. 05, 5.08 and 6. 34 per 1 000 live birth in 2005, respectively, they were 8.44, 10. 28 and 13.19 in year 2001, respectively. Among 557 dead children under 5 years, 62.66% of them were neonates, 74. 17% of them were infants and 20. 83% of them aged from 1 to 4 years. Premature delivery ＆ low birth weight, birth asphyxia and pneumonia were main causes of death in child under 5 years. Conclusion： USMR decreases continuously with years and stays in a low level in Zhuhai. Level of perinatal health care, obstetric quality and asphyxiated resuscitation should be upgraded; referral service for severe pregnant women and neonates should also be improved.