孕妇心理健康状况及其影响因素分析

Evaluation of intervention and analysis of mental health state of pregnant women and its effect factors

目的:了解上海市静安区孕妇的心理健康状况以及造成孕妇焦虑和恐惧的主要因素,指导其积极的心理自我调节。方法:对上海市静安区248名孕妇进行了问卷调查,同期选择性进行一对一访谈咨询和团体辅导,设计团体辅导方案,比较干预前后孕妇心理适应水平,以评价干预效果。结果:在总分、躯体化、强迫、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、偏执、精神病性指标上都高于常模,差异有统计学上的显著意义,表现出一种普遍的高分趋势,反映出整体比较低的心理健康度,干预前后差异均有显著性。结论:访谈咨询和团体心理辅导对促进孕妇心理健康,提高其适应性、降低焦虑水平有显著的效果。

Objective： To realize the mental health state of pregnant women in Jing＇an district, Shanghai, and the main factors which make the pregnant women anxious and terrified, and to guide them to adjust themselves actively. Methods： 248 pieces of pregnant women questionnaire were made. Meanwhile some pregnant women were selected to interview, in order to understand and analyze their psychologic requirements. And the selected pregnant women were consulted one to one or guided grouply, to work out a set of project of group tutorship and to compare the level of psychologic adaptability between before and after interfering, and to evaluate the interfering effect. Results： The indexes of sum total, somatization, coercion, social interaction sensitivity, depression, anxiety, antagonism, crankiness and mental illness were all higher than those in conventionality, presenting significant difference, which showed a kind of universal trend and reflected that the psychologic health was poor. The differences between before interfering and after interfering were remarkable. Conclusion： The consultation of interview and group psychologic tutorship will have remarkable effect on promoting the pregnant women mental health, improving the adaptability, reducing the level of anxiety.