抗菌肽的结构特点·作用机理及其应用前景

Structure Characteristic,Effect Mechanism and Application Prospect of Antimicrobial Peptides

抗菌肽是一种广泛存在于生物界的抵抗病原微生物入侵的重要防御分子,是生物先天免疫的重要防御物质,不仅具有广谱抗菌活性和抗病毒、抗真菌、抗寄生虫及抗肿瘤等生物活性,还具有随物种适应环境而产生的结构多样性以及区别于传统抗生素杀菌机理的独特性,且不易产生耐药性,是一类极具潜力的肽类抗生素。抗菌肽对靶细胞表现出选择性,有助于设计出活性更高的新型肽类抗生素。从抗菌肽的作用机制、结构特点、新型抗菌肽分子设计、抗菌肽基因工程等方面阐述了抗菌肽研究的新进展。

Antimicrobial peptides （AMPs） are important defense molecule which exists widely in living nature and can keep from pathogeny microbe. AMPs are key components of the innate immune system of most muhicellular organisms. AMPs have the broad spectrum antibacterial activity and are the potent antimicrobial activities against viruses, cancer, bacteria, fungi and protozoa without drug tolerance. AMPs have selectivity to target cell, which can help to design new peptide antibiotics with higher activity. The research progress of AMPs is summarized from the effect mechanism, structure characteristic and genetic engineering of AMPs and so on.