兔眼蓝莓扦插苗设施栽培下生长发育规律研究

Study on the Growth and Development Law of Vaccinium ashei Cutting Seedling under the Installation Cultivation

[目的]探讨兔眼蓝莓扦插苗设施栽培下年生长和开花结实规律。[方法]以7个兔眼蓝莓品种的一年生扦插苗为试材,研究了大棚设施栽培下兔眼蓝莓扦插苗的枝长年生长及年萌发规律,幼苗根径及苗高年生长规律,幼苗叶片年生长规律以及开花结果规律。[结果]兔眼蓝莓扦插苗在pH值为5.5～6.0的混合基质中盆栽的生长表现良好,所有品种均能当年定植,次年开花结果,开花率和座果率均达100%;枝长年平均生长量为117.17 cm,年平均萌枝数5.33枝,根径年平均生长量2.96 mm,高年平均生长量27.39 cm,年平均花序数7.76个,年平均着花数89.97朵。扦插苗始花期、果实始熟期均比地栽苗提前;盛花期、果实盛熟期均比地栽苗延长。[结论]研究蓝莓的生长发育规律有利于在生产中调节蓝莓鲜果的上市时间。

[Objective] The research aimed to discuss the annual growth, flowering and fruiting law of Vaccinium ashei cutting seedling under the installation cultivation. [Method] With 7 varieties of one-year-old cutting seedlings of V. ashei as tested materials, the annual growth law in length and germination law of branch, annual growth law of root diameter and height and leaf and flowering and fruiting law of V. ashei cutting seedling were studied under the installation cultivation. [Result] The V. ashei cutting seedlings cultivated in pots with mixed substrate with pH value of 5.5～6.0 grew well. All the varieties could be planted in current year and flowered and fruited in next year with flowering and fruiting rates of 100 %. The annual average increment of branch length was 117.17 cm, annual average germinated branch number was 5.33, annual average increments of root diameter and height were 2.96 mm and 27.39 cm, annual average inflorescence number was 7.76 and annual average flower number was 89.97. The initial flower/ng stages and fructescences of the cutting seedlings were earlier than that of seedlings planted in the open air and their full-bloom stages and full-fructescences were longer than that of seedlings planted in the open air. [Conclusion] The research on the growth and development law of Vo ashei was favorable for adjusting the time to market for V. ashei fresh fruits in production.