湖北烟区生态因素分析

Analysis of Ecological Factors in Tobacco-growing Areas in Hubei Province

[目的]摸清湖北省各产烟区的生态特点。[方法]根据40年的气象资料和对主要植烟县市采集的235个土样的测定结果,系统分析了湖北4个主产烟区的气候和土壤条件。[结果]湖北烟区无霜期长,太阳辐射较强,除恩施烟区光照较少外,其余各产区光照充足,各大田生育期温度适宜,降雨量充沛,为优质烟叶提供适宜的气候条件。湖北各烟区土壤养分含量存在较大差异,尤其是氮和磷含量在地点间的差异较大,以恩施的含氮量和宜昌和十偃的含磷量最高。土壤有机质丰富,钾含量中等偏上,多数土样中微量元素含量丰富,但部分烟区土壤缺氯、有效硼、有效钼。[结论]各产区的气候条件适宜生产优质烟叶;在相应的烟区应注意追施氯肥、硼肥和钼肥。

[Objective] The research aimed to find out the ecological characteristic in each tobacco-growing areas in Hubei province. [Method] Based on the meteorological data for 40 years and determination on 235 soil samples selected from the main tobacco-growing counties or cities the meteorological factors and soil nutrient status in 4 tobacco-growing areas in Hubei province were analyzed. [Result] The tobacco-growing areas in Hubei province had long frost -free period, stronger solar radiation and the enough sunshine hours except En＇shi tobacco-growing areas. It had suitable temperature, and enough precipitation in all of the tobacco-growing stages, which provided a reasonable climate condition to produce high quality tobaeeo leaves. The nutrient eontent in the soil showed a big variation in tobaeeo-growing areas; espeeially the N and P eontent in soil had greater difference among places, with P content in En＇shi and P content in Yiehang and Shiyan being highest. Generally, the organic matter was rich in soil and the potassium content was medium to high. The contents of medium-micro elements were rich in most soil samples. But the contents of C1-, available B and available Mo were obviously low in some tobacco-growing areas. [Conclusion]The meteorological conditions in tobacco-growing area fit to produce high quality tobacco leaves and it should pay more attention to add CI-, B and Mo fertilizaters in corresponding tobaeeo-growing areas.