玻璃化法保存异体肌腱移植的实验研究

Experimental study on cryopreservation of tendon allograft by vitrification

目的评介玻璃化法保存的异体肌腱移植的可行性与有效性。方法家兔60只,其中24只切取双侧跟腱48条,分为2组,分别采用玻璃化法和程序冷冻法保存2周以上。其余36只平均分为3组:A组行新鲜肌腱自体移植,B组行玻璃化法保存肌腱异体移植,C组行程序冷冻法保存肌腱异体移植。术后3、8、12周后取材,行形态学、组织学观察及生物力学测试,并进行组间比较。结果玻璃化法保存肌腱完整率高于程序冷冻法,差异有显著性。A、B组移植后较C组粘连轻,光泽好。新生血管、腱细胞成熟早,愈合进程快。术前A、B、C组生物力学性能差异无显著性,术后12周差异有显著性。结论玻璃化法保存异体肌腱操作简单,能较好保存肌腱的组织结构,移植效果优于传统的程序冷冻法保存的异体肌腱。

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of preservation by vitrification and the effectiveness of vitrified tendon as allografts. Methods 60 rabbits were used in research. 48 tendons were harvested from 24 rabbits as the transplanted materials, and 24 tendons were preserved by vitrification ,24 by slow-freezing for 14 days, respectively. The other 36 rabbits were used as the transplanted subjects, and were divided into three groups, Group A （fresh tendonial autografts）, Group B （vitrified tendonial allograft ）Group C （slow-freezing tendonial allograft）. The morphologic changes of tendonial grafts were observed macroscopically and histologically. And the rabbits were sacrificed on 3,8,12 weeks after transplantation respectively. Tendon allografts were harvested to observe the mot- phological changes ~ Biomechanical tests were made on 12 weeks. The results were compared between those groups. Results Before transplantation, the integrated rate of Group B was 92. 4% ,which was significantly better than that of Group C（54. 2% ,P 〈0. 01 ）. After transplantation, Group C was more heavy adhesion around tendon than that of Group A ,B. In Group A ,B, new collagen fibers and significantly increased and reconstructed than that of Group Before transplantation, Biomechanical capability among the fresh, vitrified and frozen tendons was no significantly different, on the contrary, the Biomechanical capability of vitrified tendons was better than frozen, but which was inferior to the fresh, light immunologic rejection was found in the vitrified and frozen tendons grafts, but which did not affect tendon healing and reconstruction. to preserve tendon, and the tendon allografts Conclusion vitrification does less preserved by vitrification are better damage to tissues. It can be used than that of traditional slow-freezing.