北重楼传粉生态学研究

Study on Pollination Ecology of Paris verticillata M.-Bieb.

应用重力玻片法、套袋法和TTC法分别研究了北重楼（Paris verticillata M.-Bieb.）的散粉规律、繁育系统和花粉活力,同时观察了花部特征对风媒传粉的适应特点。结果表明,北重楼的散粉时间为8：10～16：30,散粉日变化规律呈单峰曲线,散粉高峰出现在下午12：00～14：00。北重楼的散粉期一般从5月中旬开始,6月初结束,5月底达到最高峰。花粉活力在散粉后3～4 d达到最大（99.3%）,以后迅速减小。柱头可授性在散粉后1～5 d最强,5～10 d中等,10 d以后可授性减小。北重楼无无融合生殖现象,以自花传粉为主,异花传粉为辅,自花传粉结实率很高（90%）,异花传粉结实率较低（8%～10%）。研究结果为进一步研究重楼属植物的演化及在百合科中的系统进化提供生殖生态学依据。

Gravity slide method,bagged and TTC pollination were adopted to study the pollen-shedding rule,breeding system,pollen vitality,pollination countermeasure of Paris verticillata and its flower characteristic versus conform to anemophilous speciality.The results show that the pollen-shedding phase of P.verticillata commonly from the middle of May begin to the beginning of June elementary finish and it arrive at peak in the end of May.A day pollen-shedding time begin 8：10～16：30,pollen-shedding daily variation rule submit unimodal curve,pollen-shedding flood tide present to afternoon 12：00～14：00 of P.verticillata.on and after pollen vitality abaft pollen-shedding 3～4 day run up to maximization（99.3%）,anon promptitude wane.Stigma receptivity abaft pollen-shedding 1～5 day is the most strong,5～10 day moderate,on and after 10 day dwindle away.P.verticillata without virgin birth phenomena,withal self-pollinate give priority to cross-pollination for complement,self-pollinate setting percentage is very high（90%）,cross-pollination setting percentage is inferiority（8%～10%）.The result formed a basis in reproductive ecology for further studying the phylogeny of P.verticillata in Liliaceae.