“政治理性人”的基本逻辑——政治学基本人性假设的新思路

The Basic Logic of "Political Rational Man"——New Thought on the Basic Humanity Assumption in Politics

政治领域中政治人的人性假设不仅应成为政治学方法论的基本前提,而且应构成政治学在社会科学诸学科中独树一帜的基本依据。论题在与"经济人"的比较中,挖掘与建构"政治理性人"的人性假设。政治理性人是在特定的政治经济环境中,基于物质需求与精神需求,在三元利益的激励下,追求、夺取并运用权力,来实现特定的利益权威性分配以满足特定利益需求,从而实现权力工具理性与价值理性的有机统一。这一基本逻辑链外在体现为:双重需求激励—追求权力—三元利益互动—运用权力—政治行为。

This article proposes the assumption of ＂Political Rational Man＂ and compares it with ＂economic man＂ assumption. The basic humanity assumption in politics not only constitutes foundation of political methodology, but also unique primary basis of politics in the disciplines of social science. Under given political and economic circumstance, ＂Political Rational Man＂ pursues, seizes and uses power to achieve specific interest allocation to satisfy certain interests and needs, to reach union between instrument and value reason of power. Its basic logic chain is： double-need inspiration-power pursuit-ternary power interaction-power application-political action.